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Fundamental and Applied Toxicology 1985; 5(6): 1025-1033

Experimental Acute Sodium Fluoride Poisoning In Sheep: Renal, Hepatic, And Metabolic Effects

Kessabi M, Hamliri A, Braun JP, Rico AG

ABSTRACT: The renal, hepatic, and metabolic effects of acute sodium-fluoride (7681494) were studied in 2 year old sheep. Animals were given a single intragastric dose of 0.5, 1.0, 1.5, or 2.0 millimoles (mmol) sodium-fluoride per kilogram (kg) body weight. Blood was collected on day 1 and day 7 after treatment and analyzed for serum activities. Urine samples were collected each day for 6 days following treatment and analyzed. Sheep were sacrificed 7 days after sodium-fluoride treatment, and major tissues underwent gross anatomical and microscopic examination. Mild signs occurred at the 1.5mmol/kg dose, but with the 2.0mmol/kg dose, all animals showed dullness, anorexia, and mild diarrhea which decreased from day 3. Dose related congestion of the duodenum, liver, kidney, and lung was observed in all animals. For the two higher doses, kidney degeneration and tubular necrosis were associated with glomerular inflammation. Serum fluoride had a dose related increase, while serum calcium and glucose concentrations showed initial dose dependent decreases. Diuresis was increased for the two higher doses on day 3 or 4 following treatment. A dose related increase of daily fluoride excretion occurred for all doses on day 1; the fluoride excretion was still significantly elevated on day 7 except for the lowest dose. The authors conclude that acute fluoride poisoning in sheep induces severe disturbances of kidney and liver function as reflected by the altered activity of many enzymes. (Abstract from TOXNET)

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